It is understandable that the program's weatherization be of a
standard nature and address only the common problems of more typical
construction types. There are some substantial omissions. One major source
of infiltration only partially covered by the present program is electrical
penetrations. Currently, gaskets are supplied for outlets and switches on
exterior walls only. This totally ignores how houses are built. Wiring is
typically run through the attic. Holes are drilled through the top plates of
the stud wall to run wiring through interior as well as exterior walls. If
the attic is vented properly, air will leak through all walls, unless the
holes were filled with caulk after the wire was run. In the thousands of
homes I have inspected, I have never seen this detail.
Therefore, the least B.P.A. should do is provide gaskets for all
switches and outlets. Ideally, the penetrations should be caulked. Another
major penetration can be found in the ceiling where wires come through to
supply light fixtures. It is not difficult to loosen the decorative cover of
most fixtures and discover a hole about the size of a nickel that leads
directly into the attic. This is easily sealed with a small amount of caulk.
In most cases the fixture need not be disconnected.
There is however, one common light fixture that represents a major
energy leak and danger to the occupants. This is the recessed can light that
uses an incandescent bulb.
In operation the incandescent bulb produces a large amount of sensible
heat as compared to visible light. If the bulb gets too hot, it will have a
much shorter life span. To cool the bulb, the can in which it is housed
allows air to flow through freely. This is wonderful for the bulb, but not
for the heating or cooling efficiency of the house. Some people, recognizing